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Patriots (Dutch Republic)
:''For other Patriot political parties, see Patriot Party (disambiguation)''
The Patriots ((オランダ語:Patriotten), ) were a political faction in the Dutch Republic in the second half of the 18th century. They were led by Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol, gaining power from November 1782.
== Etymology ==
The term ''Patriot'' (from Greek πατριώτης, "fellow country(wo)man") had previously been used in the 17th century by anti-Orangists, but when French troops invaded the Republic in 1747, "Patriots" demanded the return of the Orange stadtholderate, which ended the Second Stadtholderless Period (1702–1747). From 1756 onwards, however, republican regenten once again began styling themselves "Patriots". The Orangist party did try to reappropriate the term, but it was forced on the defensive, which became apparent when it renamed one of its weekly magazines to ''De Ouderwetse Nederlandsche Patriot'' ("The Old-Fashioned Dutch Patriot"). Patriotism and anti-Orangism had become synonymous.〔, ''De Lage Landen 1780-1980. Twee eeuwen Nederland en België. Deel I: 1780–1914'' (2005) 45. Amsterdam/Antwerp: Olympus (part of Atlas Contact).〕
The Patriots can be divided into two separate groups: aristocrats and democrats. The ''aristocratic Patriots'', initially the strongest, can be viewed as oppositional regenten, who either sought to enter the factions in power, or tried to realise the so-called "Loevesteinian" ideal of a republic without Orange; they came from the existing Dutch States Party. The ''democratic Patriots'' emerged later, and consisted mainly of non-regent members of the bourgeoisie, who strived to democratise the Republic.〔Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "patriotten". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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